Post-treatment of real municipal wastewater effluents by means of granular activated carbon (GAC) based catalytic processes: A focus on abatement of pharmaceutically active compounds

نویسندگان

چکیده

Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) widely present in urban wastewater effluents pose a threat to ecosystems the receiving aquatic environment. In this work, efficiency of granular activated carbon (GAC) - based catalytic processes, namely wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO), peroxymonosulfate (PMS/GAC) and peroxydisulfate (PDS/GAC) at ambient temperature pressure were studied for removal 22 PhACs (ng L?1 level) that secondary real wastewater. Concentrations measured using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography – Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS). Catalytic experiments conducted discontinuous mode up-flow fixed bed reactors with as catalyst. The catalyst was characterized by means N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), elemental analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WDXRF), diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetry differential analyses coupled mass spectrometry (TGA-DTA-MS). Results indicate highest terms TOC achieved during CWPO performed optimal operational conditions (stoichiometric dose H2O2; ~ 82%) followed PMS/GAC (initial PMS concentration 100 mg L?1; ~73.7%) PDS/GAC PDS 67.9%) after 5 min contact time. Full consumption oxidants observed all cases times 2.5 min, while it 1.5 min. general, 18 out target PhACs, very high efficiencies (> 92%) tested processes (including adsorption) However, moderate (40 70%) poor (< 40%) salicylic acid, ofloxacin, norfloxacin ciprofloxacin, which can be possibly attributed insufficient Despite elimination from effluent, seems more promising continuous operation.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Water Research

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['0043-1354', '1879-2448']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.116833